Although different forms of this game have different names, the most common name for the original form is kabaddi. It is a popular game played primarily in India, but is now also played in Japan, South-east Asia, and Iran to name a few. It is considered the state game of Tamil Nadu, Punjab, Maharashtra, and Andhra Pradesh of India and is the national game of Bangladesh. It has an unusual purpose for the British Army. The servicemen play the game for entertainment, but they also use it as an attempt to recruit new members from the Asian British territories.
The game is played in a number of variations, but the original game is played by teams of seven, one team on each side of the playing arena. Each team also has an additional five players to use if necessary. The field is approximately ten by twelve metres in size, and resembles a very large and colourful wrestling mat. The play goes on for twenty minutes, then a half-time break of five minutes, then the final half of twenty minutes is played.
The defending team forms a chain, which should not be broken by the “raider” from the opposing team. The defenders can link their hands together firmly in order that their chain not be broken. Each team takes a turn sending a “raider” to the other side in an attempt to wrestle a member or members of the opposing team until they are tagged, and return to his own side, all this taking place before he takes a breath! If the raider breathes before returning to his own side, he is out and must leave the playing field. He can also be considered out if he goes outside the boundary or he touches the ground with his body parts, unless he is engaged in a wrestle. The defending team earns one point when the opposing player is called out. The team scoring the most points throughout the game is the winner.
The teams are chosen for matches according to size and also age. The officials present at official matches number six in total. Two umpires, one referee, one scorekeeper, and two assistant scorekeepers.
This game has a rather long history. It is known to have been played in the pre-historic eras, but may have been more of a defence or offence strategy than an actual game. Stories of old tell of situations that occurred when, for example, the heir to the Pandava throne was surrounded by enemies. Other stories are told by Buddhists of Gautama Buddha in a match of kabaddi.
The 1936 Olympic Games held in Berlin, Germany held a demonstration game of kabaddi for future Olympic Committee consideration as an addition to the Olympic Games schedule. The Amateur Foundation for Kabaddi in India was formed in the year 1973. Both men and women play this game to date, and it appears that it is and has been quite popular since possibly the beginning of time as we know it.